Preheat your oven to 350°F. Lightly spray the inside of three (8-inch) round cake pans with non-stick spray and line the bottoms with parchment paper.
Separate the eggs while cold and set the egg whites aside to come to room temperature. Make sure you don't get any yolk in the bowl with the egg whites.
In a medium bowl, whisk the flour, baking powder, and salt. Set aside.
In a large bowl, whisk the melted butter, brown sugar, and egg yolks until well combined. Mix in the dry ingredients, then mix in the whole milk.
Make the meringue: Add the egg whites and cream of tartar to a large, clean bowl or bowl of a stand mixer. Use an electric mixer or the whisk attachment in the stand mixer to whip the egg whites until starting to thicken.
Add the sifted granulated sugar, about 1 tablespoon at a time, and mix for 20 seconds after each addition. Once all of the sugar is added, mix until thick and fluffy with stiff peaks.
Fold the cake batter: In 2-3 additions, use a spatula to gently fold the meringue into the cake batter by wiping around the sides and bottom of the bowl. Fold until just combined.
Bake: Divide the cake batter evenly between the three prepared cake pans. Bake in the preheated oven for 30-35 minutes. You should be able to gently press the tops of the cakes and a toothpick should come out clean.
Remove from the oven and let cool completely in the pans before removing. Then, cool completely in the fridge or freezer before frosting and assembling the cake.